Sugar levels are one of the most important indicators of the health of the human body. Elevated glucose is an alarming symptom that indicates the risk of developing diabetes mellitus, an extremely dangerous disease that leads to vision loss, affects the heart muscle and kidneys, makes blood vessels brittle and threatens to develop thrombophlebitis. Without timely treatment, such a disease leads to the development of “sugar” coma, and therefore to death.
All this forces a person to monitor the level of glucose (sugar), the norm of which allows you to well tolerate loads and sleep, and therefore feel full of strength and energy. Controlling the level of glucose is not so difficult, it is only important to know how this product acts when it enters the bloodstream, and how the body reacts to an increase in its level.
Mechanism of action of glucose
It is no secret that the foods we eat have sugar in them. This means that after breakfast, lunch or dinner, the sugar level rises. In response, the pancreas begins to produce the hormone insulin, a substance that carries glucose throughout the body and feeds every cell with this substance. Eventually, glucose is converted into energy and its levels in the body remain normal.

If you starve for a long time or eat incorrectly, this will certainly affect the sugar, the level of which can jump as if on a “roller coaster”. This can be noticed in time, if you listen to your body and pay attention to a number of characteristic signs.
Since diabetes is a serious disease that is often fatal, it is important to identify it at the initial stage and start treatment. Otherwise, irreversible consequences may begin.
Signs of diabetes are:
- Frequent urination. This alarming sign is the most common. The fact is that the high concentration of glucose overloads the kidneys, which causes frequent urges.
- Dehydration. This symptom is a consequence of the first. From frequent trips to the toilet, the body loses a lot of fluid, which becomes the cause of constant thirst.
- Hunger. If you feel hungry even after eating, this is a dangerous symptom. If there is a lot of glucose, a lot of insulin is produced to process it, causing it to drop. The low glucose level causes your appetite to wake up again, especially cravings for sweets.
- Headaches. Due to the constant spikes in glucose, the blood vessels in the brain become overloaded, causing headaches.
- Double vision. Undigested glucose is in all tissues of the body, including the crystalline lens of the eye, so the clarity of vision may decrease and double vision begins.
- Prolonged healing of wounds and bruises. If wounds on the skin do not pass for a long time, this signals the narrowing of blood vessels and the impossibility of normal blood circulation.
- Diabetic neuropathy, which is expressed by cramps, muscle pain, weakness, coordination problems.
- Weight loss. Since the body stops assimilating glucose from the blood, it needs to compensate for the lack of energy, and it gets by burning subcutaneous fat. In addition, dehydration also contributes to weight loss.
- Darkened areas of skin. Darkening can occur in the armpits, elbow joints, and areas under the knee joint. High insulin levels lead to active cell multiplication, which is the cause of darkening.
- Increase in blood pressure.
- Shortness of breath even in a relatively calm state. Even a walk on foot can provoke it.
- Constant fatigue. Its reason is that the cells do not produce energy due to the inability to digest glucose.
Even one symptom can talk about the emergence of such a serious disease as diabetes mellitus. Therefore, you should not ignore the alarm signals of your body, and if they appear, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Why diabetes mellitus can occur
The following causes can lead to serious disorders:
- Improper immune function, resulting in immune cells attacking pancreatic cells;
- genetic abnormalities that reduce glucose sensitivity, causing the pancreas to reduce or stop producing insulin;
- viral and chronic diseases;
- endocrine disorders;
- toxic damage;
- nutritional disorders;
- taking certain medications.
Type I diabetes mellitus can be provoked by a hereditary factor, as well as some viral diseases that cause an autoimmune response of the body.
Type II diabetes mellitus develops as a result of low activity level, sedentary lifestyle, poor diet and overweight. Physical activity stimulates the rapid breakdown of glucose, increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin. In case of adynamia, the opposite process occurs.
Complications of diabetes
If left untreated and untreated for a long period of time, serious consequences can begin to occur.
Uncontrolled glucose production leads to damage to the retina, kidneys, nerve cells and endings. As the walls of blood vessels are destroyed, diseases such as atherosclerosis and encephalopathy can develop. There is a high probability of heart attacks and strokes.
Small vessels regenerate very slowly. Even a small injury can result in a large wound with suppuration.
The most serious complication of diabetes mellitus can be the development of coma. It can be provoked by both low and high glucose levels. That is, coma can be hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic. Preventing the first will help fast carbohydrates, and the second – an additional dose of insulin. It is the risk of coma that obliges the patient to constantly monitor his condition.

Diabetes can develop imperceptibly, and by the time symptoms are detected, it can cause irreversible damage to the body. Therefore, it is necessary to undergo regular medical examinations, and in case of suspicion of diabetes mellitus, immediately consult a doctor.